The rise of African startups and locally adapted digital technologies present a significant opportunity for leapfrogging.

A sociotechnical approach offers a framework for understanding the various facets and interactions of the industry.

Identifying and leveraging trade, investment and industrial policies that can attract and retain intangible capital. 

Industrial rezoning is an attractive alternative to traditional policies promoting development through the urban migration of workers.

The recovery of supply chains can be supported through trade policies and firm-specific initiatives.

COVID-19 struck at the core of GVC hub regions, with severe implications for international production networks.