Alternatives to industrial policy for semiconductor supply chain resilience.

A sociotechnical approach offers a framework for understanding the various facets and interactions of the industry.

Joint efforts between local and foreign solution suppliers are indispensable to decrease common pollutants across industries.  

Circularity can offer a backbone for public policy to support industrial development amidst existing environmental and social concerns.

The circular economy proposes a profoundly different model leading to growth and jobs without compromising the environment.