COVID-19, lockdowns and international trade: Evidence from firm-level data
Evidence indicates that Portuguese firms successfully adapted their operations in the face of COVID-19 containment measures.
Evidence indicates that Portuguese firms successfully adapted their operations in the face of COVID-19 containment measures.
The region’s high labour and capital costs present a serious challenge to its competitiveness.
Automation and reshoring mitigate risks. Industrial policies aiming to reduce dependence on global supply chains could accelerate the trend.
UAE has made headways with efforts to diversify its oil-driven economy and now aims to break into high-tech manufacturing.
The East Asian Miracle provides crucial lessons for developing countries on export-oriented manufacturing growth.
Production became fragmented into networks across many locations, with implications for industrial development.
Individual country experiences point to differences in Global Value Chains participation since the mid-1990s.