COVID-19, lockdowns and international trade: Evidence from firm-level data
Evidence indicates that Portuguese firms successfully adapted their operations in the face of COVID-19 containment measures.
Evidence indicates that Portuguese firms successfully adapted their operations in the face of COVID-19 containment measures.
Pledges are mostly tilted towards energy-related emissions, but a broader paradigm shift is needed to fight the climate crisis.
Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic and the global financial crisis.
Demand-led industrial strategies can be highly effective, but need to be carefully designed and implemented to avoid possible pitfalls.
Automation and reshoring mitigate risks. Industrial policies aiming to reduce dependence on global supply chains could accelerate the trend.