Made in America or making America pay?
Alternatives to industrial policy for semiconductor supply chain resilience.
Alternatives to industrial policy for semiconductor supply chain resilience.
Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic and the global financial crisis.
The region’s high labour and capital costs present a serious challenge to its competitiveness.
The recovery of supply chains can be supported through trade policies and firm-specific initiatives.
Automation and reshoring mitigate risks. Industrial policies aiming to reduce dependence on global supply chains could accelerate the trend.
COVID-19 struck at the core of GVC hub regions, with severe implications for international production networks.