How ‘smart’ are smart specialization strategies?
An analysis of regional S3 strategies implemented in the EU to determine their impact and factors influencing effectiveness.
An analysis of regional S3 strategies implemented in the EU to determine their impact and factors influencing effectiveness.
The recovery of supply chains can be supported through trade policies and firm-specific initiatives.
Automation and reshoring mitigate risks. Industrial policies aiming to reduce dependence on global supply chains could accelerate the trend.
COVID-19 struck at the core of GVC hub regions, with severe implications for international production networks.