How ‘smart’ are smart specialization strategies?
An analysis of regional S3 strategies implemented in the EU to determine their impact and factors influencing effectiveness.
An analysis of regional S3 strategies implemented in the EU to determine their impact and factors influencing effectiveness.
The consequences of drastic COVID-19 vaccine shortages in Africa make the need for continental production ever more pressing.
Developing countries can use spatial policies to reduce their ecological footprint while simultaneously increasing their competitiveness.
Automation and reshoring mitigate risks. Industrial policies aiming to reduce dependence on global supply chains could accelerate the trend.